Thursday, 30 April 2020

ANC - 1

15th Part

Fill in the blanks
1.  The body-building function of food is related to the presence of   (proteins)
#  Energy-giving foods are rich in carbohydrate and/ or ....…  (fats)
#  Vitamins and minerals have. …(protective)  and …  (regulatory) functions.
#  Nutrient balance can only be achieved by supplying all nutrients in the correct  .…(amounts)  and proportions.
#   .....(absorption)  is the process whereby nutrients move from the intestine to the bloodstream.
#  The acceptance of particular foods by a person would depend on social, cultural,.....… (psychological) and economic factors.
#  The principal site of carbohydrate digestion is the ..…
(small intestine)
#  ..…(Cereals) and. .…(sugar) are the major sources of carbohydrates in our diets,
#  Starch is an example of a carbohydrate built up of several ...…(glucose)  units.
#  One gram of carbohydrate provides approximately .....…(4)  kcal.
#  …(glycogen) is the storage form of glucose in the body.
#  ...…(Maida)  and ...…(Suji)  are termed refined cereals.
#  Fibre is the term used for. ..…( indigestible) carbohydrates such as .…(non-available cellulose)
#  Water is the universal .…(solvent)
#  Water makes up approximately ....…(60-70) percent of the total weight of an adult.
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I) Fill in the blanks.
a) ....…(amino acids)  are the building blocks of all proteins.
b) Pulses are lacking in the amino acid..(methionine) and rich in ..( lysine)
c) A good quality protein has the right ..…(proportion) and .…( amount) of all essential amino acids.
d) Amino acids in proteins are linked together by the …(pepude) linkage.
Q  Indicate whether the following statements are True/False.  Correct the false statements.
a)Cereals contain relatively poor quality protein. (True/ False)
true 
b)The energy-giving function is the major function of proteins. 
false. The major function of protein is body-building.

c)     All hormones are proteins. (True/ False)
     False. Some hormones are proteins.

d)  Haemoglobin is the red colored substance present in the blood. 
true 

e)  A combination of cereal & pulse in meals greatly improves the quality of protein. (True/ False)
true 

Q Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements.
a) Bile is essential for the effective absorption of vitamins A and D.
True 

b)  We meet most of our vitamin D needs from dietary sources. 
False. we meet most of our vitamin D needs from exposure to sunlight.

c)  vitamin A keeps the epithelial tissue dry. (True/False)
False; vitamin A keeps the epithelial tissues moist

d)  Rods of the retina are sensitive to dim light. 
True

e) Vitamin D is also known as the "sunshine vitamin''. (T/F)
True

Q  
i).............. are the richest sources of vitamins A and D. 
Fish liver oil
ii) Rods of the retina are sensitive to .....…
dim light 
iii)  Presence of …(fat)  and .…(bile) aids in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
iv)  Vitamin K is also known as the ............ vitamin. 
anti-bleeding

Q  Vitamins help in….
Vitamin A -------  Vision in dim light
Vitamin D -------  Absorption of calcium and phosphorus
Vitamin E-------- Prevention of the destruction of unsaturated fatty acids
Vitamin K -------- Coagulation or clotting of blood

1) Fill in the blanks.
a)  The total mineral content of the body amounts to ....... percent of the total body weight. 
 4-6 %
b)  The minerals ....... and ....... are present in the largest amounts in our body.
A  calcium& phosphorus 
c)   (    )   and  (    ) are rich sources of calcium. 
 milk & green leafy vegetables

d)  The absorption of calcium/phosphorus takes place. ...…
 The upper part of the small intestine 
e)  ........ present in green leafy vegetables and cereals interfere with absorption of calcium/ phosphorus.    
A   inhibitors  

Q   List the factors that increase and decrease calcium absorption.
Factors increasing                                 Factors decreasing
calcium absorption                                 calcium absorption
a) The body needs                    a) High phosphorus content
b) Vitamin D                              b) Inhibitors in green leafy vegetables
c) Protein and cereals
d) Carbohydrate

Q  Fill in the blanks. 
a)  ......... is the main mineral present in the intracellular fluid.and ....... present in extracellular fluid.
Potassium, sodium

b) Chloride is present in ....... as sodium chloride and in .......... as potassium chloride.
extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid

c)  ........... is the principal source of sodium and chloride in our,diet.
Common Salt

d)  Bananas, potatoes, lemons, tomatoes contain large amounts of 
 Potassium 
e)  The ............... play a major role in regulating the amount of sodium in the body.
kidneys 

Q  Match 
Iodine  -------      Synthesis of thyroxine
Iron ----------       Synthesis of haemoglobin
Myoglobin, an iron-protein complex ----------- Storage of oxygen in the muscles
Goitrogens present in cabbage, cauliflower --------- Poor utilization of thyroxine 

Q  True / False 
#  Plant foods enhance the absorption of iron. (True/False)
False; protein-rich foods like milk and vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits (oranges, lemon, etc.) enhance the absorption of iron.

#  Iodine content of food is influenced by the iodine content of soil/water.
True 
#  Iron influences the capacity to work. (True/ False)
True 

#  Maximum concentration of iodine is found in the blood. (T/F)
False; maximum concentration of iodine is found in the thyroid gland.

#  Iron is stored in the bones. (TruelFalse)
False; iron is stored in the liver, spleen, kidney, and bone marrow.

#  Thyroxine carries oxygen to the cells. (True/ False)
False; thyroxine regulates the rate of oxidation within the cells.

#  Vitamin C helps in the absorption of iron. (True/ False)
True 

#  Most of the iron and iodine present in food are absorbed by the intestine. Only a small part is excreted. (True/False)
A  False; most of the iron/iodine present in the food is excreted. Only a small amount gets absorbed.

Fill in the blanks.
a) A food group consists of a number of food items that share. common ...........…
characteristics

b)  Nuts and oilseeds supply substantial amounts of both ............ and ...............…
protein, fat

c)   Bajra is a good source of .............. ; ragi supplies substantial amounts of ...........…
iron, calcium

d)   The only cereal containing carotene is .............…
yellow maize

e)  Green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin .............folic acid and carotene. 
vitamin C

f)  Sprouting of pulses improves the content of vitamin . . . . . . . .
  C

(g)  Liver is a good source of vitamin .........…
 A

(h)  .........and ......... are two major nutrients supplied by fruits.
 Vitamins, minerals

(i)  Sugar is almost hundred percent.........................
 Carbohydrate

(j)  A balanced diet provides for short periods of leanness when .....… intake is not adequate..
nutrient 

Q  Fill in the blanks.
a)    The RDI for thiamine is . . . . . . .. mg per 1000 kilocalories.
  0.5
b)  One microgram of retinol is equivalent to . . . . . . . . . micrograms of carotene.
  4
d)  During periods of physiological stress, nutrient needs are ..............
  high 
e)  ............. intakes of energy and protein become necessary in pregnancy.
additional 









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