Thursday, 30 April 2020

ANC - 1

15th Part

Fill in the blanks
1.  The body-building function of food is related to the presence of   (proteins)
#  Energy-giving foods are rich in carbohydrate and/ or ....…  (fats)
#  Vitamins and minerals have. …(protective)  and …  (regulatory) functions.
#  Nutrient balance can only be achieved by supplying all nutrients in the correct  .…(amounts)  and proportions.
#   .....(absorption)  is the process whereby nutrients move from the intestine to the bloodstream.
#  The acceptance of particular foods by a person would depend on social, cultural,.....… (psychological) and economic factors.
#  The principal site of carbohydrate digestion is the ..…
(small intestine)
#  ..…(Cereals) and. .…(sugar) are the major sources of carbohydrates in our diets,
#  Starch is an example of a carbohydrate built up of several ...…(glucose)  units.
#  One gram of carbohydrate provides approximately .....…(4)  kcal.
#  …(glycogen) is the storage form of glucose in the body.
#  ...…(Maida)  and ...…(Suji)  are termed refined cereals.
#  Fibre is the term used for. ..…( indigestible) carbohydrates such as .…(non-available cellulose)
#  Water is the universal .…(solvent)
#  Water makes up approximately ....…(60-70) percent of the total weight of an adult.
=======================================================================================
I) Fill in the blanks.
a) ....…(amino acids)  are the building blocks of all proteins.
b) Pulses are lacking in the amino acid..(methionine) and rich in ..( lysine)
c) A good quality protein has the right ..…(proportion) and .…( amount) of all essential amino acids.
d) Amino acids in proteins are linked together by the …(pepude) linkage.
Q  Indicate whether the following statements are True/False.  Correct the false statements.
a)Cereals contain relatively poor quality protein. (True/ False)
A  true 
b)The energy-giving function is the major function of proteins. 
A  false. The major function of protein is body-building.

c)     All hormones are proteins. (True/ False)
A      False. Some hormones are proteins.

d)  Haemoglobin is the red colored substance present in the blood. 
A  true 

e)  A combination of cereal & pulse in meals greatly improves the quality of protein. (True/ False)
A  true 

Q Indicate whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false statements.
a) Bile is essential for the effective absorption of vitamins A and D.
A  True 

b)  We meet most of our vitamin D needs from dietary sources. 
A  False. we meet most of our vitamin D needs from exposure to sunlight.

c)  vitamin A keeps the epithelial tissue dry. (True/False)
A  False; vitamin A keeps the epithelial tissues moist

d)  Rods of the retina are sensitive to dim light. 
A  True

e) Vitamin D is also known as the "sunshine vitamin''. (T/F)
A  True

Q  
i).............. are the richest sources of vitamins A and D. 
A  Fish liver oil
ii) Rods of the retina are sensitive to .....…
A  dim light 
iii)  Presence of …(fat)  and .…(bile) aids in the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
iv)  Vitamin K is also known as the ............ vitamin. 
A  anti-bleeding

Q  Vitamins help in….
Vitamin A -------  Vision in dim light
Vitamin D -------  Absorption of calcium and phosphorus
Vitamin E-------- Prevention of the destruction of unsaturated fatty acids
Vitamin K -------- Coagulation or clotting of blood

1) Fill in the blanks.
a)  The total mineral content of the body amounts to ....... percent of the total body weight. 
A   4-6 %
b)  The minerals ....... and ....... are present in the largest amounts in our body.
A  calcium& phosphorus 
c)   (    )   and  (    ) are rich sources of calcium. 
A   milk & green leafy vegetables

d)  The absorption of calcium/phosphorus takes place. ...…
A   The upper part of the small intestine 
e)  ........ present in green leafy vegetables and cereals interfere with absorption of calcium/ phosphorus.    
A   inhibitors  

Q   List the factors that increase and decrease calcium absorption.
Factors increasing                                 Factors decreasing
calcium absorption                                 calcium absorption
a) The body needs                    a) High phosphorus content
b) Vitamin D                              b) Inhibitors in green leafy vegetables
c) Protein and cereals
d) Carbohydrate

Q  Fill in the blanks. 
a)  ......... is the main mineral present in the intracellular fluid.and ....... present in extracellular fluid.
A  Potassium, sodium

b) Chloride is present in ....... as sodium chloride and in .......... as potassium chloride.
A  extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid

c)  ........... is the principal source of sodium and chloride in our,diet.
A  Common Salt

d)  Bananas, potatoes, lemons, tomatoes contain large amounts of 
A   Potassium 
e)  The ............... play a major role in regulating the amount of sodium in the body.
A  kidneys 

Q  Match 
Iodine  -------      Synthesis of thyroxine
Iron ----------       Synthesis of haemoglobin
Myoglobin, an iron-protein complex ----------- Storage of oxygen in the muscles
Goitrogens present in cabbage, cauliflower --------- Poor utilization of thyroxine 

Q  True / False 
#  Plant foods enhance the absorption of iron. (True/False)
A  False; protein-rich foods like milk and vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits (oranges, lemon, etc.) enhance the absorption of iron.

#  Iodine content of food is influenced by the iodine content of soil/water.
A  True 
#  Iron influences the capacity to work. (True/ False)
A  True 

#  Maximum concentration of iodine is found in the blood. (T/F)
A  False; maximum concentration of iodine is found in the thyroid gland.

#  Iron is stored in the bones. (TruelFalse)
A  False; iron is stored in the liver, spleen, kidney, and bone marrow.

#  Thyroxine carries oxygen to the cells. (True/ False)
A  False; thyroxine regulates the rate of oxidation within the cells.

#  Vitamin C helps in the absorption of iron. (True/ False)
A  True 

#  Most of the iron and iodine present in food are absorbed by the intestine. Only a small part is excreted. (True/False)
A  False; most of the iron/iodine present in the food is excreted. Only a small amount gets absorbed.

Fill in the blanks.
a) A food group consists of a number of food items that share. common ...........…
A  characteristics

b)  Nuts and oilseeds supply substantial amounts of both ............ and ...............…
A  protein, fat

c)   Bajra is a good source of .............. ; ragi supplies substantial amounts of ...........…
A  iron, calcium

d)   The only cereal containing carotene is .............…
A  yellow maize

e)  Green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin .............folic acid and carotene. 
A  vitamin C

f)  Sprouting of pulses improves the content of vitamin . . . . . . . .
A    C

(g)  Liver is a good source of vitamin .........…
A   A

(h)  .........and ......... are two major nutrients supplied by fruits.
A   Vitamins, minerals

(i)  Sugar is almost hundred percent.........................
A   Carbohydrate

(j)  A balanced diet provides for short periods of leanness when .....… intake is not adequate..
A  nutrient 

Q  Fill in the blanks.
a)    The RDI for thiamine is . . . . . . .. mg per 1000 kilocalories.
A    0.5
b)  One microgram of retinol is equivalent to . . . . . . . . . micrograms of carotene.
A    4
d)  During periods of physiological stress, nutrient needs are ..............
A    high 
e)  ............. intakes of energy and protein become necessary in pregnancy.
A  additional 









No comments: